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1.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 40(2): 114-120, ago. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388086

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: Introducción: La rehabilitación cardíaca después de padecer un evento cardiovascular (CV) grave es un proceso en el cual el paciente establece una relación cercana con el equipo médico, brindando la oportunidad de conocer factores psicosociales que influyeron en el desenlace cardíaco y los eventuales aprendizajes de la experiencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la percepción sobre su propia salud de mujeres que participaron de un programa de rehabilitación cardíaca. Método: Se invitó a participar a 35 mujeres de 35 a 75 años con diverso nivel educativo, ingreso familiar y situación laboral. Los datos se recolectaron por medio de entrevistas presenciales semiestructuradas. Resultados: A pesar de haber pasado por un proceso de rehabilitación posterior a un evento CV las mujeres mencionaron en forma mayoritaria al cáncer de mama como la principal eventual causa de muerte. En relación con los factores de riesgo de CV, el más nombrado fue el estrés (57%), aunque solo el 29% de las entrevistadas realizó con posterioridad actividades orientadas a su manejo y control. En cuanto a las motivaciones más frecuentes para realizar cambios de hábitos, destacaron el cuidado de la familia (29%), el vivir más (26%) y el deseo de sentirse mejor (23%). Conclusión: Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de una educación más integral en la mujer durante la rehabilitación, promoviendo no solo hábitos más saludables desde el punto de vista físico, sino también psicológico. Se sugiere integrar el manejo del estrés en los programas de prevención y rehabilitación CV.


ABSTRACT: Introduction: After suffering a serious cardiovascular event (CV), cardiac rehabilitation is a process in which the patient establishes a close relationship with the medical team, providing an opportunity to learn about psychosocial factors that influence cardiac outcome and eventual learnings from the experience. The objective of this study was to learn about women´s perception of their own health after participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program. Method: 35 women from 35 to 75 years of age with varying educational level, household income and employment status were invited to participate. Data was collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Results: Women mentioned breast cancer as the leading cause of death (60%) despite having gone through a post-CV rehabilitation process. Stress was mentioned as the main CV risk factor (57%). Only 29% of responders subsequently carried out activities aimed at their management and control. The most common motivations for making changes in habits, were family care (29%), living longer (26%) and a desire to feel better (23%). Conclusion: These results suggest the need for a more comprehensive education in women during rehabilitation, promoting not only healthier habits from a physical but also from a psychological points of view. The introduction of stress management into CV prevention and rehabilitation programs is suggested.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases , Cardiac Rehabilitation , Perception , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Cross-Sectional Studies , Interviews as Topic , Risk Factors , Educational Status
2.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 38(3): 213-217, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058066

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Most women perceive oncological disease as their principal cause of death. However, it has been shown that cardiovascular disease (CVD) is currently the leading cause of mortality in women in developed countries. Aim: to evaluate how this perception has changed in relation to health education campaigns present in Chile during the study period. Method: A survey was performed in 2007 (n= 409) and repeated in 2016 (n=431), including women working at a health institution, divided in 2 groups: professionals with a university degree (U) or health administrative and technical workers (W). The overall perception of CVD as a cause of death increased from 20% in 2007 to 37% in 2016 (p<0.01). The increase in the % of women perceiving CVD as main cause of death was greater in W women (14% to 34%, p<0.01) than in U women (39% to 44%, NS). Oncological diseases, mainly breast cancer, continued to be perceived as the main mortality cause in both groups of women in 2016. Conclusion: Although significant, the increase in % of women naming CVD as the main cause of death at a health institution was relatively small. Campaigns to increase the awareness of the significance of CVD in women should probably be revised.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Perception , Cardiovascular Diseases , Mortality , Chile/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Health Personnel
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 146(10): 1167-1169, dic. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1043146

ABSTRACT

Background: There is a misconception that the main cause of death among women is breast cancer, even among physicians, who may neglect cardiovascular preventive measures in this gender Aim: To assess the knowledge among physicians about the main cause of death among women. Material and methods: A survey was answered by 231 physicians attending a Cardiology and a Gynecology Meeting. Results: Sixty eight percent of respondents indicated that cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death among women. A higher proportion of specialists than trainees, answered correctly the question (72 and 56% respectively). No gender differences in the answers were recorded. Conclusions: The knowledge about cardiovascular risk in women should be reinforced among physicians.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Physicians/statistics & numerical data , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Pneumonia/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Chile , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cause of Death , Myocardial Infarction/mortality
4.
Repert. med. cir ; 22(2): 108-113, 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-795629

ABSTRACT

La pancreatitis aguda (PA) es una enfermedad de alta prevalencia e impacto socioeconómico. En nuestro medio la causa principal es la patología biliar. La ultrasonografía endoscópica no siempre está disponible dado su alto costo. Los niveles de alaninoaminotransferasa (ALT) mayores de 150 UI/l se han relacionado con patología obstructiva de la vía biliar. Objetivo: determinar las características de la ALT en nuestra población para diagnosticar el origen biliar de la PA. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en el Hospital de San José de Bogotá DC. Se revisaron historias clínicas con diagnóstico de PA de agosto 2010 a marzo 2012. Se analizaron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos, de laboratorio, imagenológicos, hallazgos intraoperatorios y diagnóstico etiológico. Resultados: se reclutaron 106 pacientes, 67% mujeres. Se estableció por análisis ROC que los niveles de ALT mayores de 74 UI/l fueron más sensibles y específicos que los de 150 UI/l. Se encontró la relación de ALT mayor de 74 UI/l con hiperbilirrubinemia, ictericia y hallazgos ecográficos compatibles con etiología biliar. Conclusión: existe significancia estadística para ALT mayor a 74 UI/l con etiología biliar (sensibilidad 89%, especificidad 71%) con p <0.001. Se requieren estudios que comparen esta prueba diagnóstica con ultrasonografía endoscópica...


Acute pancreatitis (AP) exhibits high prevalence and high social and economic impact. It is mainly of biliary etiology in our setting. Endoscopic ultrasonography is not always available due to its high costs. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels greater than 150 UI/l have been related to biliary duct obstruction. Objective: to determine ALT features among our population to establish biliary etiology. Materials and Methods: a cross sectional study at Hospital de San José, Bogotá DC. The medical records of all patients with AP from August 2010 to March 2012 were reviewed. Social, demographic, clinical, laboratory, imaging, intraoperative findings and etiologic diagnosis data were analyzed. Results: 106 patients were recruited, 67% females. An ROC analysis established that at ALT levels greater than 74 IU/l there was greater sensibility and specificity than at ALT levels of 150 IU/l. The relation between greater than 74 UI/l ALT levels with hyperbilirrubinemia, jaundice and ultrasonographic findings compatible with biliary etiology was found. Conclusion: there is statistically significant correlations between ALT levels greater than 74UI/l and biliary etiology (sensibility 89%, specificity 71%), p <0.001. Further studies comparing this diagnostic test with endoscopic ultrasonography are required...


Subject(s)
Humans , Pancreatitis , Prognosis , Cholecystectomy , Choledocholithiasis
5.
Rev. centroam. obstet. ginecol ; 16(2): 56-59, abr.-jun. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-733810

ABSTRACT

En los últimos años, dado el aumento de la obesidad, enfermedades crónicas como diabetes e hipertensión y el envejecimiento de la población, entre otras cosas, se ha observado una tendencia en el aumento de la patología endometrial maligna. Es por eso la preocupación en cuanto al diagnóstico y manejo oportunos de ésta...


Subject(s)
Female , Menopause , Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnosis , Premenopause , Ultrasonography
6.
Repert. med. cir ; 20(2): 83-91, 2011. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-795524

ABSTRACT

Debido a la alta incidencia y graves consecuencias que produce, la isquemia mesentérica representa un reto para el terapeuta que la enfrenta. Las consecuencias fisiopatológicas que comprometen muy rápido todo el sistema orgánico, hacen de su diagnóstico precoz no sólo un reto sino la clave del éxito en su manejo. Esta revisión pretende describir en detalle las características de la circulación esplácnica y así mismo revisa las principales estrategias diagnósticas y su manejo.


Mesenteric ischemia is a significant challenge for clinicians because of its high incidence and serious consequences. The pathophysiologic consequences which rapidly involve the entire organ system make its early diagnosis not only a challenge but the key to successful management. This review intends to thoroughly describe the splanchnic circulation and reviews mayor diagnostic and management strategies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ischemia , Mesentery , Splanchnic Circulation , Ischemia/diagnosis
7.
Rev. venez. oncol ; 19(1): 3-19, ene.-mar. 2007. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-481087

ABSTRACT

Trabajo prospectivo, evaluando respuesta terapéutica de carcinomas basocelulares de piel sometidos a terapia fotodinámica. Analizan secuelas, resultado del efecto terapéutico, método utilizado, variables más comunes relacionadas con respuesta a tratamiento aparición de recidiva local. Se incluyen, pacientes con carcinomas basocelulares de piel, diagnosticados histológicamente, único o múltiples, susceptibles de tratamiento quirúrgico, sin discriminación de edad, sexo localización de lesión, a quienes se inyectó vía endovenosa fotosensibilizador: radachlorin, r 1 mg/kg; después de 1 y 2 horas, se iluminó zona o zonas tumorales con Láser Diodo ML-SP662, dosis 100-500 J/cm². Se controló efecto de tratamiento: a) Durante primeros minutos; b) Luego a 6 horas; c) 24 horas; d) l48 horas; e) la 1era semana; f) semanalmente hasta cumplir 8 semanas; g) Trimestral por 2 años, y h) Finalmente semestral. Se trataron 106 lesiones en 23 pacientes, se obtuvo respuesta favorable en todos los casos tratados, con desaparición de cualquier evidencia clínica del o los tumores, lo cual se comprobó histopatológicamente, 1 queratosis actínica no presentó respuesta y 1 caso voluminoso de carcinoma basocelular presentó una respuesta parcial, la cual se completó con nuevo tratamiento, 1 caso de lesión en el párpado inferior derecho se trató inadecuadamente por no tolerar el paciente el procedimiento con anestesia local, se repitió el tratamiento con anestesia general y desapareció la lesión demostrando esto histopatológicamente. Los pacientes no presentaron complicaciones atribuibles al tratamiento y permanecen en control sin evidencia de enfermedad oncológica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Carcinoma, Basal Cell , Photochemotherapy , Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage , Medical Oncology , Venezuela
8.
Arch. med. res ; 27(3): 339-43, 1996. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-200333

ABSTRACT

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a useful option for the treatment of certain psychiatric illnesses. Its efficacy and few side effects make it an important therapeutic alternative in the management of the patients with major depression. This study describes the clinical experience with ECT at the Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatría. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical records of patients treated with ECT during the period of April 1990 to June 1994. A total of 55 patients were included in the analysis, the mean age was 42.4 ñ 17.2 years old. Diagnostic categories treated were major depression (43.6 percent), non-affective psychotic disorders (30.9 percent), mania (12.7 percent) and other diagnoses (12.7 percent). A positive response to ECT was found in 74.5 percent of patients. Subjects with major depression and mania responded significantly better than the rest of the patients (p<0.01). Psychotic depression was not a predictor of better response. Only 18.1 percent of subjects had minor complications, all transitory. ECT is a highly effective therapeutic option in the treatment of psychiatric illness, especially in major depression and mania. The use of ECT in a tertiary psychiatric unit in Mexico reflects similar results as described in the international literature


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Atropine , Depression/therapy , Electroconvulsive Therapy , Mental Disorders , Seizures/chemically induced , Succinylcholine , Psychotic Disorders/therapy
9.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-29290

ABSTRACT

Se efectúa estudio clínico mental objetivo en 115 tumores intracraneanos entre 1931 y 1958, en la Clínica Neurológica, Hospital de la Universidad de Chile. Se describe un cuadro básico de decaimiento mental orgánico, independiente de la naturaleza y localización del tumor, de la existencia o no de hipertensión intracraneana. Lo esencial es su inespecificidad. Sin embargo, pueden agregarse ciertos rasgos distintivos: apatía, indiferencia o carencia de la vivencia normal de enfermedad. Se describen otros síndromes con cierto valor de localización


Subject(s)
Humans , Brain Neoplasms/complications , Mental Disorders/etiology
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